End-of-life care is provided when vital organs and body systems shut down irreversibly and death becomes imminent. It starts when a patient is diagnosed with a terminal condition that requires symptom management and emotional support. Depending on the prognosis, end-of-life care may only last a few days or months to several years. Near-death signs and … Read more
Hearing loss is a common medical condition affecting people of all ages with numerous causes. There are three types of hearing loss: Clinical manifestations of hearing loss include the following: Hearing loss is diagnosed through a physical examination, general hearing screening test, tuning fork tests, and audiometer tests. Nursing Process Nursing care for patients with … Read more
Epistaxis or nosebleeds are common and self-limiting, with only about 10% requiring emergent treatment. There are two types of epistaxis: Children between the ages of 2-10 may have minor nosebleeds due to picking their noses or sticking objects into their noses. Later in life, patients between the ages of 45-65 have an increased risk of … Read more
Chemotherapy, also referred to as antineoplastic therapy, is a treatment that utilizes cytotoxic chemicals to kill cancer cells. This treatment is a mainstay for cancer, especially for solid tumors and hematologic cancers like leukemia and lymphomas. Chemotherapy aims to reduce or eliminate the number of cancer cells in the primary and metastatic tumor sites. Chemotherapy … Read more
Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by the repeated cessation and resumption of breathing during sleep, preventing the body from getting adequate oxygen. There are two types of sleep apnea: Clinical manifestations of sleep apnea include: The following are risk factors for sleep apnea: Sleep apnea is diagnosed through a sleep study, medical history, … Read more
Accidents and injuries are the leading causes of death among young men, while suffocation is the most common cause of death among infants. Drowning deaths are most common in toddlers. Additional causes of unintentional injuries include motor vehicle accidents, poisoning, drug overdoses, burns, and falls. The following are the risk factors that increase the patient’s … Read more
Cigarette smoking, a leading cause of preventable death all over the world, affects nearly all organs in the body, results in various diseases, and reduces overall well-being. Smoking can cause the following adverse health effects: Tobacco, which is the primary material used in cigarettes, contains toxic substances including carbon dioxide, nicotine, and tar. Carbon dioxide … Read more
Cancer, one of the leading causes of death in the world, is characterized by the unregulated or uncontrolled growth of cells that infiltrate and damage tissues and organs in the body. Symptoms of cancer can vary depending on which part of the body is affected. Some of the general signs of cancer include: Cancer cells … Read more
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) occurs when a person suddenly stops or reduces drinking after heavy alcohol consumption. Alcohol is a CNS depressant. With heavy and chronic alcohol use, the body and brain will start to become dependent. When the depressant is stopped, the brain becomes overexcited which results in side effects of withdrawal. These symptoms … Read more
Overall health and well-being are greatly impacted by the communities in which patients live and work. Access to care is influenced by economic, social, and political issues. Depending on the needs of the individual and the population, it may be a major factor in determining physical, emotional, and mental health as well as morbidity and … Read more
